Literature review: DIC syndrome – current problems of diagnostics and treatment.

Authors

  • Zhumaev N.Sh. Assistant of the Department of Normal and Pathological Physiology, TMA
  • Ochilov I.A. Assistant of the Department of Internal Medicine in Family Medicine No. 2, TMA

Keywords:

DIC syndrome, coagulopathy, anticoagulants

Abstract

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a complex pathological condition characterized by uncontrolled activation of the hemostatic system, depletion of coagulation factors, microthrombus formation, and hemorrhagic complications. This article discusses the key mechanisms of DIC pathogenesis, including the role of tissue factor, endothelial dysfunction, and the imbalance between coagulation and fibrinolysis. Modern diagnostic approaches and potential therapeutic strategies are also presented

References

Levi, M., & Scully, M. (2018). How I treat disseminated intravascular coagulation. Blood, 131(8), 845-854.

https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2017-10-804096

Taylor, F. B., Toh, C. H., Hoots, W. K., Wada, H., & Levi, M. (2001). Towards definition, clinical and

laboratory criteria, and a scoring system for disseminated intravascular coagulation. Thrombosis and

Haemostasis, 86(5), 1327-1330.

Iba, T., Levy, J. H., Warkentin, T. E., Thachil, J., van der Poll, T., & Levi, M. (2019). Diagnosis and

management of sepsis-induced coagulopathy and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Journal of

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 17(11), 1989-1994. https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.14578

Thachil, J., Lippi, G., Favaloro, E. J., & Levy, J. H. (2020). D-dimer testing: Laboratory aspects and clinical

applications. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM), 58(5), 678-689.

https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2020-0053

Iba, T., Levy, J. H., Raj, A., & Warkentin, T. E. (2019). Advance in the management of sepsis-induced

coagulopathy and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8(5), 728.

https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8050728

Gando, S., Levi, M., & Toh, C. H. (2016). Disseminated intravascular coagulation. Nature Reviews Disease

Primers, 2(1), 16037. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2016.37

Semeraro, N., Ammollo, C. T., Semeraro, F., & Colucci, M. (2020). Coagulopathy of acute sepsis and

disseminated intravascular coagulation: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Journal of Clinical

Medicine, 9(1), 156. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9010156

Vincent, J. L., Ramesh, M. K., Ernest, D., Bertolini, G., Abel, W., et al. (2020). A biomarker-based approach

to personalized treatment of sepsis-associated coagulopathy. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

(CCLM), 58(7), 1091-1100. https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2019-1372

Iba, T., Levy, J. H., Wada, H., Thachil, J., & Warkentin, T. E. (2020). Differential diagnoses for sepsisinduced disseminated intravascular coagulation: Communication from the SSC of the ISTH. Journal of

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 18(12), 3099-3104. https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.15000

Tang, N., Li, D., Wang, X., & Sun, Z. (2020). Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor

prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 18(4), 844-

https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.14768

Levi, M., Thachil, J., Iba, T., & Levy, J. H. (2020). Coagulation abnormalities and thrombosis in patients

with COVID-19. The Lancet Haematology, 7(6), e438-e440. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3026(20)30145-

Okamoto, K., Tamura, T., Sawatsubashi, Y. (2021). Sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Journal of Intensive Care, 9(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40560-021-00546-1

Asakura, H., & Ontachi, Y. (2021). Biomarkers for diagnosing disseminated intravascular coagulation.

International Journal of Hematology, 113(4), 422-431. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-020-03007-3

Wada, H., Matsumoto, T., Yamashita, Y., & Mori, Y. (2018). Diagnosis and treatment of disseminated

intravascular coagulation (DIC) according to four DIC guidelines. Journal of Intensive Care, 6(1), 15.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40560-018-0288-3

Levi, M., & Ten Cate, H. (2019). Disseminated intravascular coagulation. The New England Journal of

Medicine, 381(4), 382-396. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra1814772

Iba, T., Levy, J. H., Connors, J. M., Warkentin, T. E., Thachil, J., & Levi, M. (2020). The unique

characteristics of disseminated intravascular coagulation in COVID-19. J Thromb Haemost, 18(7), 1739-1744.

https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.14838

Downloads

Published

2025-05-09

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Literature review: DIC syndrome – current problems of diagnostics and treatment. (2025). Texas Journal of Medical Science, 44, 1-5. https://zienjournals.com/index.php/tjms/article/view/6160