Texas Journal of Medical Science provides the opportunity to the authors to publish their original research articles in Medical Sciences and allied field. Frequency of Publication: Monthly Acceptance Notification: 45 Days ISSN (Online): 2770-2936 doi Prefix: 10.62480
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This review analyzes the role of phytotherapy in the treatment of malignant neoplasms, focusing on their mechanisms of action and clinical efficacy. Despite the risks of adverse interactions between herbal products and synthetic drugs, their integration into chemotherapy protocols demonstrates significant potential. Research confirms that the judicious combination of herbs with chemotherapeutic agents not only minimizes the side effects of the latter but also enhances the overall effectiveness of antitumor therapy, making this area highly promising for modern medicine
combination of chemotherapeutic drugs with medicinal herbs
Ibragimova Makhliyokhon Sayidalikhon kizi
Mamarasulova Dilfuzakhon Zakirjanovna-Professor, DcD,
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Clinical Manifestations of Diabetic Peripheral Polyneuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that has become one of the leading global health challenges due to its rapidly increasing prevalence and numerous long-term complications. Among these complications, diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy (DPN) is the most common neurological disorder, affecting approximately one-third to one-half of patients with diabetes. DPN is characterized by progressive degeneration of peripheral nerves resulting from complex metabolic, vascular, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative processes initiated by persistent hyperglycemia. The pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy involves multiple interconnected mechanisms, including activation of the polyol pathway, excessive formation of advanced glycation end products, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, chronic inflammation, endothelial impairment, and microvascular ischemia. These pathological changes ultimately lead to axonal degeneration, segmental demyelination, impaired nerve conduction, and irreversible neuronal damage. Clinically, diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy presents with distal symmetric sensory loss, paresthesia, burning pain, numbness, muscle weakness, impaired proprioception, and reduced tendon reflexes. Disease progression significantly increases the risk of diabetic foot syndrome, recurrent ulceration, infection, lowerlimb amputation, and reduced quality of life.
LUNG CANCER AND TUBERCULOSIS: PROBLEMS OF DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS AND FEATURES OF COMBINED TREATMENT
The similarity of the clinical and radiological picture of lung cancer and tuberculosis leads to frequent diagnostic errors. The work systematizes data on the mechanisms of their combined course, including the malignancy of scar tissue and reactivation of latent infection during chemotherapy. The limited specificity of PET-CT in granulomatous inflammation justifies the use of GeneXpert and EBUS-TBNA for verification. The prospects for increasing accuracy are linked to interdisciplinary protocols, CT radiomyography, and the search for biomarkers using liquid biopsy methods.
Effectiveness Of Colonoscopy And Fit In The Diagnosis Of Colon Adenocarcinoma In Uzbekistan
Colorectal cancer is a malignant tumor that develops in the colon or rectum, most often from benign polyps. It is one of the most common types of cancer and is successfully treated when detected early: the five-year survival rate in the early stages exceeds 90%. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of FIT and colonoscopy in the diagnosis of colon adenocarcinoma in Uzbekistan. A prospective study was conducted involving 200 patients aged 40–75 years who were enrolled in a screening program. The sensitivity of FIT ranged from 80% to 91%, with specificity between 90% and 95%, while colonoscopy demonstrated a sensitivity of 88% to 98% and specificity of 92% to 99%. The detection rate of adenocarcinoma was 3.5%, while adenomas were identified in 18% of cases. The use of a sequential strategy (FIT → colonoscopy) increased the detection rate of early-stage cancer by 25-30%. The obtained results confirm the high effectiveness of combined screening and support its widespread implementation.
Clinical criteria for predicting the course of acute myocarditis in children
Acute myocarditis (OM) is an inflammatory disease caused by various infections, with viruses being the most widespread pathogenic factor [1, 2]. The pathophysiology of OM can be based on direct infection caused by a viral infection, inflammatory reactions after infection, or a combination of both.
Modern Methods Of Treatment Of Chronic Generalized Periodontitis
Chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP) is one of the most common inflammatory-destructive periodontal diseases, leading to progressive loss of supporting tooth tissues and their premature loss. Modern treatment methods for CGP are aimed at eliminating microbial biofilm, controlling the inflammatory process, and restoring periodontal tissues using both conservative and surgical approaches. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of complex treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis using modern ultrasonic, antimicrobial, and regenerative methods. It was established that the combined approach provides a statistically significant reduction in inflammatory indices, improvement of periodontal clinical status, and stabilization of the pathological process.
The Role Of Metabolic Syndrome In The Origin Of Endocrine And Cardiovascular Diseases
Metabolic syndrome is a dangerous complex of metabolic disorders characterized by insulin resistance (decreased tissue sensitivity to insulin). This condition greatly increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, heart attack, and stroke. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of metabolic syndrome on the development of endocrine and cardiovascular diseases. Clinical and laboratory parameters of patients with metabolic syndrome were analyzed. The findings demonstrated that the presence of metabolic syndrome is associated with a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, and coronary heart disease. Statistically significant correlations were identified between body mass index, waist circumference, blood glucose levels, and indicators of cardiovascular risk
Psychological Factors In The Formation Of Internet Addiction Among Adolescents: An Analysis Of Empirical Data
This study analyzes research on the psychological factors that contribute to the development of internet addiction in adolescents. The level of internet use among adolescents and their state of dependence were determined. The indicators between genders were compared
Characteristics Of Hormonal Disorders In Infertility In Men
This study is devoted to the study of the main types of hormonal disorders associated with infertility in men and the mechanisms of their development. The study analyzes the effect of changes in testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and prolactin levels on spermatogenesis. The clinical significance of hormonal imbalances, diagnostic methods, and their role in improving male reproductive health are highlighted
The Impact Of Social Media On Teenagers (Влияние Социальных Сетей На Жизнь Подростков)
Social media has become an integral part of adolescents' daily lives, significantly influencing their social, emotional, and cognitive development. Platforms such as Instagram, Facebook, TikTok, Snapchat, and other networking sites provide opportunities for communication, education, entertainment, and self-expression. However, excessive use of social media may also expose teenagers to numerous risks. This article examines both the positive and negative effects of social media on adolescents, with particular attention to mental health challenges, cyberbullying, addiction, academic performance, privacy concerns, and sleep disruption. The paper further discusses the role of parents, educators, and policymakers in promoting safe and responsible social media use. Finally, strategies for minimizing the harmful effects of social media are presented. A balanced approach is necessary to maximize the benefits of social media while protecting teenagers from its potential dangers.
Endocrine and Genetic Mechanisms of the Influence of Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction on Women’s Reproductive Health
Subclinical thyroid dysfunction is one of the most common endocrine disorders among women of reproductive age and represents an important medical and social problem due to its impact on fertility, menstrual function, pregnancy outcomes, and hormonal balance. Subclinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism are characterized by altered thyroid-stimulating hormone levels with normal circulating thyroid hormone concentrations. Despite the absence of pronounced clinical manifestations, these conditions may significantly affect reproductive health through complex endocrine and genetic mechanisms. Thyroid hormones regulate ovarian function, folliculogenesis, ovulation, implantation, and placental development. Disturbances in thyroid homeostasis can lead to menstrual irregularities, infertility, miscarriage, polycystic ovary syndrome, and adverse obstetric outcomes. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between thyroid dysfunction and reproductive disorders. Genetic polymorphisms involving thyroid hormone receptors, deiodinases, autoimmune susceptibility genes, and reproductive hormone receptors may contribute to impaired fertility and hormonal imbalance in affected women. This article reviews current scientific evidence regarding the endocrine and genetic pathways linking subclinical thyroid dysfunction with female reproductive health and highlights the importance of early diagnosis and personalized therapeutic strategies.
The Significance Of Physical Culture And Sports And Their Integration Into The Daily Life Of Students
The article examines the importance of physical culture and sport in the life of modern university students and analyzes the conditions required for their effective integration into students’ daily routines. It is argued that physical culture within higher education should be understood not as an isolated academic subject or occasional exercise, but as a substantial component of personal culture that supports health preservation, psychological resilience, self-regulation, social inclusion, and academic performance. Drawing on current international guidelines and systematic reviews, the paper shows that regular physical activity is associated with reduced risk of chronic noncommunicable diseases, improved mental well-being, lower levels of anxiety, depressive symptoms, and stress, as well as with several positive educational and behavioral outcomes
Comparative Efficacy Of Pharmacotherapy And Combined Psycho-Pharmacotherapy For Correction Of Psychoemotional, Cognitive And Immunological Disorders In Post-Covid Syndrome Among Young Adults
Post-COVID syndrome (PCS) in young adults is characterized by persistent psychoemotional disturbances, cognitive dysfunction, and immune dysregulation
Among Young People And Measures For Its Prevention The Increasing Prevalence Of Arterial Hypertension
Arterial hypertension has become an increasingly prevalent health concern among young people worldwide. This study examines the growing incidence of hypertension in youth, its etiological factors, pathophysiological mechanisms, and preventive strategies. Major risk factors include unhealthy dietary habits, sedentary lifestyle, chronic stress, obesity, hereditary predisposition, and excessive consumption of energy drinks. The article highlights the importance of early diagnosis, regular blood pressure monitoring, and implementation of preventive interventions such as healthy nutrition, physical activity, stress management, and sleep hygiene. Effective prevention and early management of hypertension in young populations may significantly reduce future cardiovascular morbidity and mortality
Dynamics Of Changes In Natriuretic Hormone During Immobilization Stress
This literature review examines in detail the effects of natriuretic hormones during immobilization stress and the dynamics of their changes. It also provides information on the types of natriuretic hormones and their influence on the activity of other hormones. Experiments conducted on this topic and their results are described. The findings show that significant changes in natriuretic hormone secretion occur at the early stages of immobilization stress, and this process is closely associated with cardiac activity and stress hormones. Additionally, the activation of the neuroendocrine system and the heart’s endocrine responses under stress were assessed
Modern approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of caries in therapeutic dentistry
Dental caries remains one of the most common dental pathologies worldwide. Despite the development of preventive measures and improved treatment methods, the prevalence of the disease remains high among various age groups. Modern therapeutic dentistry focuses not only on eliminating defects in hard dental tissues but also on early diagnosis, minimally invasive treatment, and recurrence prevention. This article discusses modern methods of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of dental caries
Problems And Solutions Of Developing Life Skills Of A Healthy Lifestyle At All Levels Of The Population
One of the main tasks of the society is to popularize knowledge about organizing a healthy lifestyle among the people. The article is devoted to the problem of health and the formation of a healthy lifestyle
Detection Of Birth Defects Through Early Perinatal Screening: Experience Of Developing Countries
This article provides a scientific analysis of the importance of early perinatal screening in the detection of birth defects, the level of its application in developing countries, and systemic problems. The study examined the effectiveness of prenatal diagnostic methods, infrastructural and personnel constraints in the healthcare system, as well as socio-cultural factors. In addition, the possibilities of modernizing the screening system based on artificial intelligence and digital technologies were assessed. The results show that by improving the screening system, it is possible to significantly improve maternal and child health indicators.
Myocardial Dystrophy In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Mechanisms Of Development, Early Markers, And Treatment Approaches
This article examines the relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and myocardial dystrophy, focusing on pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies. A total of 120 COPD patients were evaluated for myocardial dysfunction using echocardiography, cardiac biomarkers (NT-proBNP, troponin I, CK-MB), and inflammatory markers (IL6, TNF-α, CRP). The results demonstrated that myocardial dystrophy is present in 68.3% of COPD patients, with severity correlating with disease stage. Hypoxia-driven oxidative stress and systemic inflammation were identified as the primary mechanisms. Combined bronchodilator therapy supplemented with cardioprotective agents (trimetazidine 35 mg twice daily) significantly improved both pulmonary and cardiac functional parameters.
The Role of Comorbidities in the Development of Bronchopulmonary Diseases in Military Personnel
This study investigates the role of comorbidities in the course of bronchopulmonary diseases among military personnel. Comorbid conditions were identified in 59.3% of patients. The most common were gastrointestinal diseases (37.7%), cardiovascular diseases (10.6%), kidney diseases (7.7%), and diabetes mellitus (3.3%). Cardiovascular diseases (OR=19.6; p
bronchopulmonary diseasesmilitary personnel
POST-COVID Lipid Profile Alterations In Stage 3 Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
The study evaluated changes in renal functional status in patients with stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD) who had previously experienced COVID-19 infection. A total of 131 patients were included in the study: • Group 1 — CKD stage 3 (n=70); • Group 2 — CKD stage 3 + COVID-19 (n=61). For each patient, the lipid profile was evaluated, including: Total cholesterol (TC, mmol/L), Triglycerides (TG, mmol/L), Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, mmol/L), High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, mmol/L) Laboratory measurements were performed at 1 month and 3 months. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was conducted using Student’s t-test or appropriate parametric tests. Significant changes over the 3-month period were indicated with an asterisk (*), p
Prevalence Of The Ppargc1a Gene Gly482ser Polymorphism In Women With Obesity
In recent years, according to leading scientists, a hereditary predisposition to obesity has been identified. Various mutations that significantly affect energy metabolism and adipose tissue proliferation can lead to the development of obesity, but in most patients they are not detected. This article presents the results of research on proving the prevalence of the PPARGC1A gene polymorphism in Uzbek women of childbearing age with obesity and creating the necessary conditions for determining the potential goals of drug therapy and developing personalized effective approaches to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of obesity.
Changes In Biochemical And Cytokine Markers Of The Liver In The Acute Period Of Combined Facial Trauma
This article presents the results of an assessment of the functional state of the liver in patients with concomitant facial bone injuries. The study included 58 patients treated at the Andijan branch of the Russian Scientific Center for Emergency Medicine. Blood biochemical parameters reflecting inflammatory activity, protein-synthetic function of the liver, and the degree of cytolysis ( procalcitonin , total protein, albumin, ALT , and AST ) were assessed dynamically from admission to the seventh day. It was found that in the first hours after injury, a pronounced activation of the systemic inflammatory response and cytolytic syndrome is observed: a significant increase in procalcitonin , increased transaminase activity, and a decrease in protein fractions. By the fifth and seventh days, these parameters gradually normalize, indicating the restoration of metabolic liver function and the effectiveness of the therapy
Nazhmiddinov Bokhodirzhon Bakhritdin ugli
Correlation Of The Functional State Of The Liver And The Severity Of Patients In The Complex Treatment Of Combined Facial Bone Trauma
The study comprehensively assessed the relationship between the severity of patients' general condition and liver function in patients with concomitant facial bone injuries. Biochemical and oxidative parameters were analyzed in 122 patients using clinical data, international severity assessment scales (ISS, GCS, PTS, PELOD), and laboratory test results. It was found that the severity of systemic inflammation and cytolysis, decreased protein-synthetic function of the liver, and impaired coagulation status correlated with the severity of traumatic injury. Patients receiving hepatoprotective therapy demonstrated more favorable dynamics of these parameters and more rapid clinical improvement. The obtained data confirm the significance of liver markers as prognostic criteria and emphasize the role of liver function correction in the comprehensive treatment of concomitant facial bone injuries
Bone and bone-substituting materials in plastic surgery of oroantral perforations of the maxillary sinus.
Oroantral perforations (OAP) and fistulas are common complications of maxillary tooth extraction and lateral alveolar surgery. Soft tissue closure of the defect does not always ensure restoration of bone volume, which is important for subsequent implant rehabilitation. The aim of this review was to analyze the use of bone and bone-substituting materials in OAP repair, taking into account morphological healing mechanisms and postoperative rehabilitation. An analysis of domestic and international publications on the use of autogenous bone grafts, allogeneic and xenogeneic osteoplastic materials, collagen membranes, and combined composites for the closure of maxillary sinus floor defects was conducted. It was shown that the use of bone or bonesubstituting materials helps maintain alveolar bone height, improve the quality of the regenerated bone, and promote the formation of a complete bone structure, which is morphologically associated with accelerated osteoconduction and angiogenesis. The choice of material determines the rehabilitation strategy and the timing of subsequent implantation
Dynamics of Clinical, Laboratory, and Morphostructural Parameters in Patients with Infected Pancreatic Necrosis Associated with Diabetes Mellitus
In this article, the authors analyze the dynamics of clinical, laboratory, and morphostructural parameters in patients with infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). Clinical studies were conducted in 62 patients with IPN and concomitant DM. The significance of clinical signs, laboratory parameters, instrumental diagnostic methods, and morphostructural indicators in patients with IPN associated with DM was evaluated. Overall, the authors conclude that a comprehensive assessment of clinical, laboratory, and morphostructural changes in patients with IPN and concomitant DM is accompanied by an increasing systemic inflammatory response, pronounced organ dysfunction, and progression of destructive foci during the first 1-3 days of the disease, followed by partial stabilization of the patients' condition by the 10th day as a result of ongoing comprehensive treatment. The study demonstrated that conventional therapeutic approaches do not ensure timely prevention of disease progression in patients with IPN associated with DM
Morphological Characteristics, Histogenesis, And Differential Diagnosis Principles of Cardiac Myxoma
To analyze the pathomorphological and immunohistochemical characteristics, as well as modern aspects of the histogenesis of cardiac myxoma, and to systematize the criteria for differential diagnosis with other intracardiac formations.
Echocardiography: Current Problems and Prospects in Modern Diagnostics
This article analyzes modern problems in the practice of echocardiography (EchoCG), which is the primary method in the non-invasive diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. The dependence of image quality on the patient's constitution, subjectivity in measurements (human factor), as well as issues of standardization of new technologies such as 3D EchoCG and Speckle Tracking are highlighted. The role and prospects of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in overcoming these problems are evaluated.
Associate,Dosent Tashkent State University of Economics, Department of Uzbek and Russian Languages
Nasal breathing disorders are increasingly recognized as serious health concerns in the pediatric population. Recent research points to a robust connection between compromised nasal airflow and a variety of cognitive deficits in children. Persistent mouth breathing associated with nasal obstruction often results in altered craniofacial development and impacts sleep quality, which in turn can disrupt optimal brain maturation and neurocognitive functioning. This paper discusses the importance of monitoring cognitive functions in children affected by nasal breathing disorders, the neurobiological mechanisms linking respiratory impairment and cognitive deficits, available assessment methods, and evidence-based interventions. Special attention is given to the challenges in early detection, the role of multidisciplinary collaboration, and the implications for long-term developmental and academic outcomes.
Headache As A Manifestation Of Paranasal Sinus Diseases: The Significance Of Plain Radiography
The prevalence of inflammatory diseases of the paranasal sinuses (PNS) remains consistently high, despite the introduction of modern diagnostic and treatment methods. This pathology occupies a significant place in the structure of outpatient visits to otorhinolaryngologists. In several regions, a particularly high incidence of sinusitis is observed; this is attributed to adverse environmental conditions, exposure to industrial factors, and the development of secondary immunodeficiency states within the population