Texas Journal of Medical Science provides the opportunity to the authors to publish their original research articles in Medical Sciences and allied field. Frequency of Publication: Monthly Acceptance Notification: 45 Days ISSN (Online): 2770-2936 doi Prefix: 10.62480
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Headache As A Manifestation Of Paranasal Sinus Diseases: The Significance Of Plain Radiography
The prevalence of inflammatory diseases of the paranasal sinuses (PNS) remains consistently high, despite the introduction of modern diagnostic and treatment methods. This pathology occupies a significant place in the structure of outpatient visits to otorhinolaryngologists. In several regions, a particularly high incidence of sinusitis is observed; this is attributed to adverse environmental conditions, exposure to industrial factors, and the development of secondary immunodeficiency states within the population
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Comparative Analysis Of Quality-Of-Life Indicators After Total And Subtotal Thyroidectomy
Surgical treatment of thyroid diseases remains one of the main therapeutic approaches, while the choice of surgical extent (total or subtotal thyroidectomy) influences postoperative outcomes and patients’ quality of life. The aim of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of quality of life indicators following total and subtotal thyroidectomy. A prospective study involving 140 patients was conducted. Quality of life was assessed using the ThyPRO questionnaire. No statistically significant differences in the overall quality of life between the groups were identified (p>0.05); however, symptoms of hypothyroidism were more frequently observed after total thyroidectomy, whereas anxiety related to the risk of recurrence was more common after subtotal thyroidectomy. The incidence of hypoparathyroidism reached up to 22%, and transient recurrent laryngeal nerve paresis was observed in approximately 6.5% of cases. The obtained data confirm the comparability of these surgical methods despite differences in certain clinical aspects.
The Importance Of Proteins And Protein-Containing Medicinal Products In Medicine
This article analyzes the biological and physiological significance of proteins, their main functions in the human body, as well as protein-based drugs and their fields of application in medicine. Proteins are the principal structural components of every living cell and play an essential role in metabolism, immune defense, enzymatic processes, and the maintenance of cellular integrity. The article also provides a broad overview of pathological conditions associated with proteins and the medical need for protein substances in clinical practice. It serves to strengthen theoretical knowledge and foster clinical thinking among students studying in the field of medicine
Sovremennye Cojnye Meniteli I Kananeinjenernye Construction And Reconstruction Of Cojnyx Defects In The Maxillofacial Area
Restoration of the jaw defect in the maxillofacial region remains one of the most common types of reconstructive surgery due to the combination of high functional and aesthetic requirements. Traditional methods ( autodermoplasty , loskutnye operatsii) have a limited volume of donor tissue, risk of donor morbidity and expressed rubtsevaniem. Development of kojnyx zameniteley and tissue engineering construction (TIK) has opened up new possibilities for the regeneration of kojnyx cover skins, including the use of biopolymer matrices, cellular transplants, mesenchymal stem cells, and also technological 3Dbioprinting
Supporting clinical decisions through artificial intelligencebased biomarker analysis and finite material modeling for non-invasive maxillofacial bone regeneration using BTCP/PLLA scaffolds
Maxillofacial bone regeneration remains a critical challenge in reconstructive surgery, where the integration of bioresorbable scaffolds such as B-TCP/PLLA (beta-tricalcium phosphate/poly-L-lactic acid) has shown promising osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties. In this study, we developed a comprehensive clinical decision support framework that combines finite element modeling (FEM) and machine learning-driven biomarker analysis to evaluate bone healing in patients treated with B-TCP/PLLA scaffolds. Quantitative biomarkers, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), were collected at multiple postoperative intervals and processed using supervised learning algorithms such as Random Forest and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Our FEM simulations provided insight into stress distribution and scaffold integration, supporting the prediction of ossification patterns. Results show a strong correlation between computational stress models and biomarker expression levels, with the predictive model achieving an AUC of 0.91, precision of 0.88, and recall of 0.85. These findings underscore the potential of combining biomechanical modeling with molecular profiling to enhance postoperative monitoring and early prediction of bone regeneration outcomes. The proposed system offers a novel, data-driven approach for personalized treatment planning and real-time clinical support, contributing to the development of next-generation AIassisted healthcare tools in maxillofacial surgery.
Algorithms for extracting the QRS complex from the ECG
ECG is a diagnostic signal recorded on the patient's body at standard electrode locations, which reflects the electrical activity of the heart muscle. One of the main features of the ECG is a pulse waveform called the QRS complex. This complex corresponds to the time of depolarization of the heart ventricles and is of important diagnostic importance.
This article provides a scientific analysis of reproductive health problems in women, their causes, risk factors, and impact on overall health. Reproductive health is closely related to a woman’s general wellbeing, and its disorders are manifested through various gynecological conditions, including menstrual cycle disorders, infertility, inflammatory diseases, and hormonal imbalance. The article also highlights the role of social, environmental, and occupational factors in the development of these issues. The study examines preventive measures, modern diagnostic methods, and the importance of a healthy lifestyle in maintaining women’s reproductive health. Based on the findings, practical recommendations have been developed
Analysis of the relationship between hemodynamic parameters and markers of renal dysfunction, Klotho protein, vitamin D, and parathyroid hormone in hypertension
Globally, targeted scientific research is being conducted aimed at a deeper study of the origin and pathogenesis of renal dysfunction (RD), determining the role of Klotho protein in the mechanism of its development. This protein plays an important role in kidney function and the vascular system. A decrease in the amount of Klotho protein intensifies the pathological process in these systems. This study examines the relationship between Klotho protein and RD development.
Brain Neuroplasticity in Students Under Conditions of Intensive Learning: Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms
The objective of the present study is to systematize current knowledge regarding the specific molecular, cellular, and systemic mechanisms of neuroplasticity activated in the brains of students during periods of intensive learning, as well as to identify the endogenous and exogenous factors that modulate the efficacy of these processes
Data-Driven Approaches to Financial Market Risk Assessment Using Predictive Analytics
Financial institutions rely on risk forecasting models to anticipate market volatility and manage exposure to financial shocks. Traditional econometric approaches such as ARIMA and GARCH models have long served as the foundation of financial risk assessment; however, these models often struggle to capture nonlinear relationships and high-dimensional data patterns present in modern financial markets. This study examines whether predictive analytics methods can improve financial market risk assessment compared with traditional econometric models. Using a comparative empirical framework, the analysis evaluates the performance of machine learning algorithms - including Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, and Neural Networks - against benchmark time-series models in forecasting market volatility. The study integrates market indicators, macroeconomic variables, and sentiment signals derived from financial news data. The empirical results indicate that predictive analytics models provide improved forecasting accuracy and stronger performance in detecting financial stress events relative to traditional approaches. These findings highlight the growing role of data-driven methodologies in financial risk management and suggest that integrating alternative data sources can enhance institutional risk monitoring frameworks.
Laparoscopy In The Diagnosis Of Acute Surgical Diseases Of The Abdominal Organs
The article presents an analysis of the results of using diagnostic laparoscopy in 47 patients with suspected acute surgical pathology of the abdominal organs from 2020 to 2025. The author emphasizes the high informative value of the method, which allows for diagnostic verification and determination of treatment tactics with minimal trauma. Particular attention is paid to the diagnosis of acute appendicitis, including the use of the Krieger technique to identify catarrhal forms. The study proves that the implementation of laparoscopy significantly reduces the number of "unjustified" appendectomies and avoids diagnostic errors, the frequency of which reaches 30% with the traditional approach
Clinical Efficacy Of Diagnostic Laparoscopy In Abdominal Trauma
The article examines the clinical efficacy of diagnostic laparoscopy in abdominal trauma. Based on the analysis of 129 patients treated at the clinic of Tashkent State Medical University from 2023 to 2025, it was demonstrated that laparoscopy is the most informative minimally invasive method in cases of unclear clinical presentation. The authors developed and substantiated specific indications for this procedure, including the dynamics of pain syndrome, the presence of free fluid detected by ultrasound, and changes in hemodynamic parameters. The use of this technique allows timely identification of internal organ injuries and significantly reduces the number of unnecessary exploratory laparotomies.
Epidemiological Analysis Of Breast Cancer And The Effectiveness Of Radiation And Chemotherapy
This article The article presents a clinical and epidemiological analysis of breast cancer (BC) among women in the Fergana region, assessing the prevalence of the disease, the effectiveness of radiation and chemotherapy, as well as the frequency and nature of therapeutic consequences. This study used data from 382 patients treated at the Fergana Regional Branch of the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Oncology and Radiology from 2020 to 2024. Radiation therapy demonstrates a higher survival rate (76.4%), which is explained by its use primarily in stages I and II, local tumor control, and a reduced risk of recurrence. Chemotherapy (72.1%) is used more often in stage III, HER2+, and triplenegative forms. Therefore, a slight decrease in survival is explained by the initially more severe clinical profile of the group, rather than by the lower efficacy of the method. Key prognostic factors, survival rates, and the frequency of side effects of therapy are identified.
Aspects Of Regional-Specific Characterization Of The Epidemiology And Risk Of Major Non-Communicable Diseases In The Adult Rural Population Of Andizhan
Major chronic non-communicable diseases (cardiovascular diseases, tumors, chronic respiratory diseases) have been among the most widespread diseases in the world for the past few years, and they remain the leading object of science and practice as the main cause of the therapeutic continuum among the population. Therefore, in the current era, preventive and prophylactic medicine, both theoretically and practically, and primarily in relation to major non-communicable diseases, has become an urgent issue and a necessity. According to the World Health Organization, "the annual mortality rate from them is 71%, and economic losses are about 1 trillion per year..." In the world, special attention is paid to epidemiological scientific research aimed at identifying the regional characteristics of the occurrence of major non-communicable diseases and creating and improving measures for the prevention of their various forms. In particular, the introduction of methods for early detection and prediction of the risk of developing major non-communicable diseases based on “…epidemiological markers” - risk factors, in populations with different characteristics is identified as one of the important tasks. At the same time, scientific research is also actively underway, including in Uzbekistan, to accurately and objectively assess the epidemiological and clinical processes in non-communicable diseases, to improve predictive algorithms - models, taking into account the territorial course of diseases and the “accumulation of risk factors”. However, despite the great achievements of medical science, there is no generally accepted methodology for the prevention of major non-communicable diseases. Western medicine believes that the outcome of prevention (population health) is 50% related to living conditions and lifestyle, 20% to environmental conditions, 20% to genetic factors, and 10% to the healthcare system. Eastern medicine believes that the outcome of prevention is 70% related to thinking, 20% to lifestyle, and 10% to nutrition.
Organization Of Monitoring The Quality Of Services Provided To Prevent And Combat Postpartum Bleeding In Women
This article describes how to monitor the quality of care for women during pregnancy and childbirth for postpartum haemorrhage, evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of care, standard requirements, and conduct surveys, patient reviews and prioritize complaints and appeals. . feedback on patient satisfaction monitoring
The Effect Of Proton Pump Inhibitors On The Development Of Hepatic Encephalopathy
The most common complications associated with cirrhosis are neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, referred to as hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) cannot be without risk, as recent studies have shown a clear link between PPI and conditions such as encephalopathy. IPP work by suppressing acid, which can disrupt intestinal microbiomes. Patients with cirrhosis are at risk of developing hepatic encephalopathy (HE), mainly due to the ammonia produced by the typical intestinal flora, and may subsequently be at risk of changes in this condition if the microbiome changes in any way.
Abdurashidov Samariddin Abdurakhmonovich.
Asthma attack is a severe and life-threatening condition of bronchial asthma, manifesting in children as acute difficulty in breathing. The disease primarily occurs due to inflammation of the bronchial mucosa, bronchospasm, and increased mucus production. Symptoms include shortness of breath, coughing, chest tightness, and fainting. Asthma attacks require urgent medical attention because delays can lead to oxygen deficiency and life-threatening complications in children. Prevention involves proper management of bronchial asthma, avoiding allergens, and correct use of inhalers and bronchodilator medications
Cytokine Regulation In Pubertal Girls With Opsomenorrhea Across Different Body Mass Index Categories
Menstrual rhythm disturbances during puberty often reflect a combination of neuroendocrine immaturity and early forms of ovulatory dysfunction. In the context of abnormal body weight, inflammatory mechanisms may serve as an additional factor modulating reproductive regulation
Subclinical Myocardial Dysfunction In Patients With Arterial Hypertension With And Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Diabetic Nephropathy: A Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography Study
Arterial hypertension (HTN) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are major contributors to cardiovascular morbidity and frequently coexist, leading to accelerated myocardial remodeling and heart failure development. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) further aggravates cardiorenal interactions, even in the absence of overt heart failure. Conventional echocardiographic parameters may remain normal during early disease stages, delaying diagnosis of myocardial dysfunction. Objective. To compare subclinical myocardial dysfunction among patients with arterial hypertension alone, arterial hypertension with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and arterial hypertension with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by diabetic nephropathy using global longitudinal strain (GLS) and mechanical dispersion (MD). Methods. A total of 120 patients were enrolled and divided into three groups: HTN (n=40), HTN+T2DM (n=40), and HTN+T2DM+DN (n=40). All patients underwent clinical evaluation, laboratory testing, electrocardiography, and transthoracic echocardiography with speckle-tracking analysis. GLS and MD were compared between groups. Results. Left ventricular ejection fraction was preserved in all groups. GLS progressively worsened from HTN to HTN+T2DM and HTN+T2DM+DN groups (−18.9 ± 1.8%, −16.7 ± 2.1%, −14.8 ± 2.4%, respectively; p
Acute Kidney Injury In Children: Diagnostic Challenges And Treatment Outcomes At A Regional Pediatric Hospital
Acute kidney injury (AKI) in children remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in resource-limited regional hospitals. This prospective observational study evaluated 74 pediatric patients with AKI admitted to the Fergana Region’s Multi-Specialty Children’s Hospital between January 2022 and June 2025. The leading etiologies included sepsis, dehydration, cardiac surgery complications, and nephrotoxic drug exposure. Most patients (79.7%) were managed conservatively, while 20.3% required renal replacement therapy, primarily peritoneal dialysis. At discharge, 60.8% achieved complete recovery, 24.3% had partial recovery, 9.5% progressed to chronic kidney disease, and 5.4% died. These outcomes demonstrate both the potential for recovery with timely intervention and the persistent risk of poor prognosis in a subset of patients. Early recognition, standardized monitoring, nephrotoxin stewardship, and capacity building in peritoneal dialysis are essential strategies to improve pediatric AKI outcomes in regional settings.
Primary Prevention In Trauma Surgery Risk Reduction And Early Intervention Protocols
Trauma surgery represents a high-risk area of clinical practice, where timely intervention and preventive strategies are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality. Primary prevention in trauma surgery focuses on implementing risk reduction measures and structured early intervention protocols to minimize the occurrence and severity of traumatic injuries. This article reviews current approaches to risk assessment, injury prevention strategies, and early surgical interventions aimed at improving patient outcomes. Key measures include preoperative risk stratification, adherence to safety protocols, rapid clinical assessment, and prompt initiation of evidence-based interventions.
Risk Factors Of Pulmonary Respiratory Disorder Syndrome In Newborns
In this article, the frequency and differences of risk factors for respiratory distress syndrome developing in the lungs of premature and full-term newborns were studied. As material, during the period 2017-2021, in the Department of Pediatric Pathology of the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Pediatric Anatomy, risk factors were studied according to the clinical and anamnestic analysis of the mother in cases of autopsy and detection of hyaline membrane in the lungs. The results showed that in most cases, asphyxia is a risk factor for the development of hyaline membranes in the lungs of premature infants - 74.5%, aspiration of amniotic fluid - 43.6%, and acute labor - 45.5%. As the main risk factor for the formation of hyaline membranes in the lungs of full-term newborns, the incidence of infection in the fetus during the prenatal period was 69.6%, and diabetes mellitus 59.3%. In full-term newborns, the following risk factors were identified: acute labor (43.7%), congenital heart defects (40.6%), pulmonary hypertension (34.3%).
Study of morphometric indicators of structural units of lung tissue according to the forms of primary atelectasis
Qualitative indicators of primary atelectasis of the lungs, the degree and pathogenetic mechanism of macroscopic and microscopic changes in the lungs were studied. Qualitative indicators of primary atelectasis are assessed based on the color, size, degree of deviation from lung tissue, and lack of air filling of macroscopic and microscopic changes in the lungs. According to the pathomorphological signs of atelectasis development, 3 degrees are distinguished: 1) mild - alveolar thickening; 2) moderate - circulatory disorders due to pulmonary edema; 3) severe atelectasis - involvement of the lungs with secondary pathological tissue, i.e., pneumosclerosis, retention cysts of the bronchi, bronchiectasis. Depending on the prevalence and localization of the pathological process, atelectasis of the entire lung, lobar atelectasis, segmental atelectasis, and subsegmental atelectasis are distinguished. In the course of the study, morphometric indicators of structural units of lung tissue were studied in a total of 98 children, including 54 premature and 44 full-term newborns. Studies have shown that among maternal diseases, preeclampsia, eclampsia, infectious diseases, endocrine pathology and various extragenital diseases, as well as complications associated with the labor process, can be a risk factor for the development of primary atelectasis in the lungs of newborns to varying degrees. It was noted that primary atelectasis of the lungs in newborns occurs in most cases in premature infants, and the rate of development of diseases identified as a risk factor is also high.
Oral Health And Diabetes Mellitus: Bidirectional Biochemical Relationships
This article analyzes the bidirectional biochemical relationships between diabetes mellitus and oral health based on scientific literature from the past five years. The relationship between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus has been demonstrated to occur through inflammatory processes, oxidative stress, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptors (RAGE), cytokine cascades, and oral microbiota dysbiosis. Meta-analysis results indicate that non-surgical periodontal treatment can reduce HbA1c levels by 0.4–0.6%, which has significant practical implications for diabetic patients. Furthermore, integrated approaches to managing oral health alongside diabetes mellitus are discussed.
Clinical Significance of Thymomegaly in Children with Congenital Heart Defects
Children with thymomegaly exhibit impaired adaptive capacity associated with functional changes in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal system, while their immunological insufficiency contributes to the development of infectious complications. They represent a group with reduced biological system reliability; therefore, assessment of thymic status is essential for improving outcomes of surgical correction of congenital heart defects in children.
The Influence Of Climatic And Geographical Factors On The Development Of Arterial Hypertension In The Fergana Valley
Arterial hypertension (HTN) remains one of the leading causes of cardiovascular disease worldwide. Climatic and geographical conditions influence the course of the disease, exacerbating or mitigating its clinical manifestations. In the Fergana Valley (continental climate, hot, dry summers, and moderately cold winters), the prevalence and severity of hypertension may vary depending on temperature and environmental factors. This study aims to examine the relationship between climatic and geographical conditions and hypertension in the adult population of the region
Features of Emotional and Social Development in Preschool Children with Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Sensorineural hearing loss significantly affects speech acquisition, cognitive development, and social adaptation in children. Investigation of the psycho-emotional profile of preschool children with sensorineural hearing loss is essential for developing effective interventions.
Histotopographic Structure And Morphometric Parameters Of Deep Lymph Nodes In The Neck Of Rats
In this scientific study, the features of the histotopographic structure and morphometric parameters of deep lymph nodes in the neck of baby rats born from female rats receiving a research diet were studied. The results of the study show that rats born from rats that were fed a low-fat diet daily have deep lymph nodes. The dead formation occupies 58.1 % of the area, the primary lymphoid follicular zone – 14.7 %, the medulla – 22.3 %, the paracortical zone – 8.5 %. By the 20-day period, the area of the cavity decreased by 2 times, the primary follicular zone increased (18.3 %), the secondary follicular zone increased (11.6 %), and the paracortical area also expanded (13.4 %). By the 4-month period, it was observed that follicles have the same area, the area of secondary follicles increased (19.6 %) compared to primary follicles, and the paracortical follicle occupied 12.1 % of the area.
Factors Influencing The Favorability Of Patients With Renal Transfer
The article comparatively examines the factors affecting survival in patients who underwent kidney transplantation. The research results confirmed the dependence of survival and transplant loss after kidney transplantation on a number of factors. Among them, age, male sex, long-term dialysis, smoking, diabetes mellitus, chronic heart failure, arterial hypertension, and obesity significantly increase the risk. Insufficient immunosuppression, especially the low dose of tacrolimus, had a serious negative impact on the survival of the transplant. These data confirm that the early detection of high-risk patients, individual monitoring, and optimization of immunosuppressive therapy are crucial for increasing transplant survival. The obtained results confirm the need for a comprehensive approach to assessing post-transplant risk, taking into account clinical, immunological, and transplant-related factors, and not a single factor.
Histological Changes In The Ovaries At Early Stages Of Postnatal Development
The article deals with the study the histotopographic changes in ovarian tissue of 6- month-old children. The ovaries of 6-month-old children who died of pneumonia were studied histologically and histochemically. The results show that the primordial eggs of a 6-month-old child are located in the middle zone of the cortex, have different sizes, some are atretized, others are vacuolized, and granulose and teka cells are activated randomly. they are localized and proliferate in interstitial tissue. Histochemically, it was found that collagen fibers stained with picrofuxin appeared around blood vessels between primordial eggs, acid glycosaminglycans stained with Altian blue are few due to the density of the tissue of the cortical layer and diffusely distributed due to the rarity of the cerebral layer. the tissue is swollen and myxmatous. At the age of 6 months, it is determined that the ovarian medulla is insufficiently developed, the blood vessels are small, the wall cells are hyperchromic due to lack of differentiation, and the cells and fibrous structures in the intermediate connective tissue are few and incomplete