Texas Journal of Medical Science provides the opportunity to the authors to publish their original research articles in Medical Sciences and allied field. Frequency of Publication: Monthly Acceptance Notification: 45 Days ISSN (Online): 2770-2936 doi Prefix: 10.62480
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Organization Of Monitoring The Quality Of Services Provided To Prevent And Combat Postpartum Bleeding In Women
This article describes how to monitor the quality of care for women during pregnancy and childbirth for postpartum haemorrhage, evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of care, standard requirements, and conduct surveys, patient reviews and prioritize complaints and appeals. . feedback on patient satisfaction monitoring
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The Effect Of Proton Pump Inhibitors On The Development Of Hepatic Encephalopathy
The most common complications associated with cirrhosis are neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, referred to as hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) cannot be without risk, as recent studies have shown a clear link between PPI and conditions such as encephalopathy. IPP work by suppressing acid, which can disrupt intestinal microbiomes. Patients with cirrhosis are at risk of developing hepatic encephalopathy (HE), mainly due to the ammonia produced by the typical intestinal flora, and may subsequently be at risk of changes in this condition if the microbiome changes in any way.
Abdurashidov Samariddin Abdurakhmonovich.
Asthma attack is a severe and life-threatening condition of bronchial asthma, manifesting in children as acute difficulty in breathing. The disease primarily occurs due to inflammation of the bronchial mucosa, bronchospasm, and increased mucus production. Symptoms include shortness of breath, coughing, chest tightness, and fainting. Asthma attacks require urgent medical attention because delays can lead to oxygen deficiency and life-threatening complications in children. Prevention involves proper management of bronchial asthma, avoiding allergens, and correct use of inhalers and bronchodilator medications
Cytokine Regulation In Pubertal Girls With Opsomenorrhea Across Different Body Mass Index Categories
Menstrual rhythm disturbances during puberty often reflect a combination of neuroendocrine immaturity and early forms of ovulatory dysfunction. In the context of abnormal body weight, inflammatory mechanisms may serve as an additional factor modulating reproductive regulation
Subclinical Myocardial Dysfunction In Patients With Arterial Hypertension With And Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Diabetic Nephropathy: A Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography Study
Arterial hypertension (HTN) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are major contributors to cardiovascular morbidity and frequently coexist, leading to accelerated myocardial remodeling and heart failure development. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) further aggravates cardiorenal interactions, even in the absence of overt heart failure. Conventional echocardiographic parameters may remain normal during early disease stages, delaying diagnosis of myocardial dysfunction. Objective. To compare subclinical myocardial dysfunction among patients with arterial hypertension alone, arterial hypertension with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and arterial hypertension with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by diabetic nephropathy using global longitudinal strain (GLS) and mechanical dispersion (MD). Methods. A total of 120 patients were enrolled and divided into three groups: HTN (n=40), HTN+T2DM (n=40), and HTN+T2DM+DN (n=40). All patients underwent clinical evaluation, laboratory testing, electrocardiography, and transthoracic echocardiography with speckle-tracking analysis. GLS and MD were compared between groups. Results. Left ventricular ejection fraction was preserved in all groups. GLS progressively worsened from HTN to HTN+T2DM and HTN+T2DM+DN groups (−18.9 ± 1.8%, −16.7 ± 2.1%, −14.8 ± 2.4%, respectively; p
Acute Kidney Injury In Children: Diagnostic Challenges And Treatment Outcomes At A Regional Pediatric Hospital
Acute kidney injury (AKI) in children remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in resource-limited regional hospitals. This prospective observational study evaluated 74 pediatric patients with AKI admitted to the Fergana Region’s Multi-Specialty Children’s Hospital between January 2022 and June 2025. The leading etiologies included sepsis, dehydration, cardiac surgery complications, and nephrotoxic drug exposure. Most patients (79.7%) were managed conservatively, while 20.3% required renal replacement therapy, primarily peritoneal dialysis. At discharge, 60.8% achieved complete recovery, 24.3% had partial recovery, 9.5% progressed to chronic kidney disease, and 5.4% died. These outcomes demonstrate both the potential for recovery with timely intervention and the persistent risk of poor prognosis in a subset of patients. Early recognition, standardized monitoring, nephrotoxin stewardship, and capacity building in peritoneal dialysis are essential strategies to improve pediatric AKI outcomes in regional settings.
Primary Prevention In Trauma Surgery Risk Reduction And Early Intervention Protocols
Trauma surgery represents a high-risk area of clinical practice, where timely intervention and preventive strategies are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality. Primary prevention in trauma surgery focuses on implementing risk reduction measures and structured early intervention protocols to minimize the occurrence and severity of traumatic injuries. This article reviews current approaches to risk assessment, injury prevention strategies, and early surgical interventions aimed at improving patient outcomes. Key measures include preoperative risk stratification, adherence to safety protocols, rapid clinical assessment, and prompt initiation of evidence-based interventions.
Risk Factors Of Pulmonary Respiratory Disorder Syndrome In Newborns
In this article, the frequency and differences of risk factors for respiratory distress syndrome developing in the lungs of premature and full-term newborns were studied. As material, during the period 2017-2021, in the Department of Pediatric Pathology of the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Pediatric Anatomy, risk factors were studied according to the clinical and anamnestic analysis of the mother in cases of autopsy and detection of hyaline membrane in the lungs. The results showed that in most cases, asphyxia is a risk factor for the development of hyaline membranes in the lungs of premature infants - 74.5%, aspiration of amniotic fluid - 43.6%, and acute labor - 45.5%. As the main risk factor for the formation of hyaline membranes in the lungs of full-term newborns, the incidence of infection in the fetus during the prenatal period was 69.6%, and diabetes mellitus 59.3%. In full-term newborns, the following risk factors were identified: acute labor (43.7%), congenital heart defects (40.6%), pulmonary hypertension (34.3%).
Study of morphometric indicators of structural units of lung tissue according to the forms of primary atelectasis
Qualitative indicators of primary atelectasis of the lungs, the degree and pathogenetic mechanism of macroscopic and microscopic changes in the lungs were studied. Qualitative indicators of primary atelectasis are assessed based on the color, size, degree of deviation from lung tissue, and lack of air filling of macroscopic and microscopic changes in the lungs. According to the pathomorphological signs of atelectasis development, 3 degrees are distinguished: 1) mild - alveolar thickening; 2) moderate - circulatory disorders due to pulmonary edema; 3) severe atelectasis - involvement of the lungs with secondary pathological tissue, i.e., pneumosclerosis, retention cysts of the bronchi, bronchiectasis. Depending on the prevalence and localization of the pathological process, atelectasis of the entire lung, lobar atelectasis, segmental atelectasis, and subsegmental atelectasis are distinguished. In the course of the study, morphometric indicators of structural units of lung tissue were studied in a total of 98 children, including 54 premature and 44 full-term newborns. Studies have shown that among maternal diseases, preeclampsia, eclampsia, infectious diseases, endocrine pathology and various extragenital diseases, as well as complications associated with the labor process, can be a risk factor for the development of primary atelectasis in the lungs of newborns to varying degrees. It was noted that primary atelectasis of the lungs in newborns occurs in most cases in premature infants, and the rate of development of diseases identified as a risk factor is also high.
Oral Health And Diabetes Mellitus: Bidirectional Biochemical Relationships
This article analyzes the bidirectional biochemical relationships between diabetes mellitus and oral health based on scientific literature from the past five years. The relationship between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus has been demonstrated to occur through inflammatory processes, oxidative stress, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptors (RAGE), cytokine cascades, and oral microbiota dysbiosis. Meta-analysis results indicate that non-surgical periodontal treatment can reduce HbA1c levels by 0.4–0.6%, which has significant practical implications for diabetic patients. Furthermore, integrated approaches to managing oral health alongside diabetes mellitus are discussed.
Clinical Significance of Thymomegaly in Children with Congenital Heart Defects
Children with thymomegaly exhibit impaired adaptive capacity associated with functional changes in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal system, while their immunological insufficiency contributes to the development of infectious complications. They represent a group with reduced biological system reliability; therefore, assessment of thymic status is essential for improving outcomes of surgical correction of congenital heart defects in children.
The Influence Of Climatic And Geographical Factors On The Development Of Arterial Hypertension In The Fergana Valley
Arterial hypertension (HTN) remains one of the leading causes of cardiovascular disease worldwide. Climatic and geographical conditions influence the course of the disease, exacerbating or mitigating its clinical manifestations. In the Fergana Valley (continental climate, hot, dry summers, and moderately cold winters), the prevalence and severity of hypertension may vary depending on temperature and environmental factors. This study aims to examine the relationship between climatic and geographical conditions and hypertension in the adult population of the region
Features of Emotional and Social Development in Preschool Children with Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Sensorineural hearing loss significantly affects speech acquisition, cognitive development, and social adaptation in children. Investigation of the psycho-emotional profile of preschool children with sensorineural hearing loss is essential for developing effective interventions.
Histotopographic Structure And Morphometric Parameters Of Deep Lymph Nodes In The Neck Of Rats
In this scientific study, the features of the histotopographic structure and morphometric parameters of deep lymph nodes in the neck of baby rats born from female rats receiving a research diet were studied. The results of the study show that rats born from rats that were fed a low-fat diet daily have deep lymph nodes. The dead formation occupies 58.1 % of the area, the primary lymphoid follicular zone – 14.7 %, the medulla – 22.3 %, the paracortical zone – 8.5 %. By the 20-day period, the area of the cavity decreased by 2 times, the primary follicular zone increased (18.3 %), the secondary follicular zone increased (11.6 %), and the paracortical area also expanded (13.4 %). By the 4-month period, it was observed that follicles have the same area, the area of secondary follicles increased (19.6 %) compared to primary follicles, and the paracortical follicle occupied 12.1 % of the area.
Factors Influencing The Favorability Of Patients With Renal Transfer
The article comparatively examines the factors affecting survival in patients who underwent kidney transplantation. The research results confirmed the dependence of survival and transplant loss after kidney transplantation on a number of factors. Among them, age, male sex, long-term dialysis, smoking, diabetes mellitus, chronic heart failure, arterial hypertension, and obesity significantly increase the risk. Insufficient immunosuppression, especially the low dose of tacrolimus, had a serious negative impact on the survival of the transplant. These data confirm that the early detection of high-risk patients, individual monitoring, and optimization of immunosuppressive therapy are crucial for increasing transplant survival. The obtained results confirm the need for a comprehensive approach to assessing post-transplant risk, taking into account clinical, immunological, and transplant-related factors, and not a single factor.
Histological Changes In The Ovaries At Early Stages Of Postnatal Development
The article deals with the study the histotopographic changes in ovarian tissue of 6- month-old children. The ovaries of 6-month-old children who died of pneumonia were studied histologically and histochemically. The results show that the primordial eggs of a 6-month-old child are located in the middle zone of the cortex, have different sizes, some are atretized, others are vacuolized, and granulose and teka cells are activated randomly. they are localized and proliferate in interstitial tissue. Histochemically, it was found that collagen fibers stained with picrofuxin appeared around blood vessels between primordial eggs, acid glycosaminglycans stained with Altian blue are few due to the density of the tissue of the cortical layer and diffusely distributed due to the rarity of the cerebral layer. the tissue is swollen and myxmatous. At the age of 6 months, it is determined that the ovarian medulla is insufficiently developed, the blood vessels are small, the wall cells are hyperchromic due to lack of differentiation, and the cells and fibrous structures in the intermediate connective tissue are few and incomplete
Clinical And Transfusiological Assessment Of Prp-Therapy In The Treatment Of Men's Infertility In Non-Structural Azoospermia
Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is one of the most complex forms of male infertility, caused by a primary disruption of spermatogenesis. The purpose of this study was the clinical and transfusiological assessment of the effectiveness and safety of PRP-therapy in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia. The study included 60 patients with confirmed NA, who underwent autologous PRP intrastiticular administration. Clinical, hormonal, ultrasound, and laboratory indicators were assessed before treatment and 3 and 6 months after treatment
A Brief Review Of Articles Published On The Results Of Certain Scientific Studies Dedicated To The Application Of Silver Nanoparticles In Medicine And Pharmacy.
In recent years, nanotechnology has become one of the key driving forces in the advancement of modern medicine, leading to increased interest in the study of silver nanoparticles and the expansion of their practical applications. Owing to their pronounced antibacterial and antiseptic properties, silver nanoparticles are increasingly used in medical and pharmaceutical practice. This article presents a brief analytical review of scientific studies published in recent years in the global scientific literature, focusing on the application of silver nanoparticles in medicine and pharmacy.
Impact Of Hypothyroidism During Pregnancy On Children's Neurodevolution (Including Autism Spectrum Disorders)
This article provides an in-depth analysis of the impact of hypothyroidism during pregnancy on child neurodevelopment, particularly autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The effects of thyroid hormone deficiency Considering the epidemiological, mechanistic and clinical aspects, maternal thyroid dysfunction has a cumulative negative impact on fetal brain development. Based on research, risk ratios, treatment efficacy, and environmental factors are discussed, and the need for preventive measures is emphasized. The article is based on a scientific approach, covering a wide range of evidence from animal models to clinical data
Topographic And Anatomical Pathways Of Tumor Dissemination In The Female Reproductive Organs
The anatomy of the female pelvis and reproductive organs constitutes a highly complex topographic– anatomical system that plays a pivotal role in understanding the clinical behavior and dissemination patterns of malignant tumors. Accurate knowledge of pelvic anatomy is of particular importance in gynecologic oncology, where surgical strategy, the extent of lymphadenectomy, identification of metastatic routes, and prognostic assessment are directly influenced by individual variations in vascular supply, lymphatic drainage, organ syntopy, and fascial and cellular compartments. Although classical anatomical descriptions of the pelvic organs are well established, contemporary evidence derived from magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, three-dimensional reconstruction, and lymphatic mapping has revealed substantial interindividual anatomical variability. These findings necessitate a critical reappraisal of traditional concepts regarding tumor spread, especially in cervical cancer, endometrial carcinoma, and ovarian neoplasms. The present review aims to synthesize current data on the anatomy of the female pelvis, fascial planes, cellular spaces, and lymphatic pathways, as well as to elucidate their role in the dissemination of gynecologic malignancies and their implications for surgical management.
First Aid For Injured Patients With Open And Closed Fractures
This article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of first aid measures for patients with open and closed fractures. Open fractures involve a break in the skin, exposing the bone, while closed fractures do not penetrate the skin. The importance of prompt and appropriate first aid cannot be overstated, as it significantly impacts the overall outcome of the patient. This article reviews the available literature, discusses various first aid techniques, and provides conclusions and suggestions for optimizing the initial response to fractures
New Treatments And Lt3 (Liothyronine) Combinations / Alternative Therapies
This article reviews new approaches to the treatment of hypothyroidism, specifically the combination of levothyroxine (LT4) and liothyronine (LT3), as well as alternative therapies. The article provides an in-depth review of the limitations of LT4 monotherapy, the rationale for the addition of LT3, clinical trial results, safety issues, and future developments. The aim is to highlight more effective treatment options for patients with persistent symptoms and to emphasize the importance of personalized medicine.
Approaches to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Early-Stage Breast Cancer Using Modern Molecular and Genetic Methods
Breast cancer represents one of the most significant oncological challenges of the modern era and remains the most frequently diagnosed malignancy among women worldwide. According to global cancer statistics, breast cancer accounts for nearly one quarter of all female cancer cases and constitutes a leading cause of cancer-related mortality despite substantial progress in diagnosis and treatment. The increasing incidence of breast cancer is attributed to a combination of demographic aging, lifestyle changes, reproductive factors, and improved detection through screening programs. At the same time, advances in early detection have resulted in a growing proportion of patients being diagnosed at early stages of the disease, when curative treatment is achievable and long-term survival rates are high
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains a major global public health concern. This review outlines current approaches to managing CHB in pregnant individuals. The rate of HBV infection in pregnancy generally mirrors that of the wider population in a given region. Universal screening for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is essential during pregnancy. For those who test positive, further assessment may involve measuring hepatitis B e antigen, HBV DNA levels, alanine aminotransferase, and HBsAg quantitation. Clinical management is guided by the phase of HBV infection, which should ideally be established prior to conception. For individuals with CHB who may become pregnant, antiviral therapy serves two key purposes: to treat active liver disease and to prevent mother-to-child transmission. Tenofovir is the recommended antiviral agent during pregnancy for both indications. To prevent vertical transmission, every newborn to an HBsAg-positive mother should receive hepatitis B immunoglobulin and the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine within 12 hours of birth. Breastfeeding is not contraindicated for mothers with CHB.
Dietary Control Of Early-Stage Chronic Kidney Disease
Early-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a critical opportunity for intervention aimed at delaying disease progression and reducing long-term complications. Although pharmacological treatment remains essential, increasing evidence indicates that dietary management plays a central role in modulating the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying renal decline. This study reviews and analyzes current evidence on the effects of targeted dietary interventions — including moderate protein restriction, sodium reduction, phosphorus control, and plant-forward dietary patterns — on renal outcomes in patients with CKD stages 1–3. The findings suggest that individualized nutritional strategies can slow the decline in glomerular filtration rate, reduce proteinuria, improve metabolic and inflammatory profiles, and enhance cardiovascular risk management. Integrating dietary therapy into early CKD care may therefore offer a safe, cost-effective, and sustainable approach to improving patient outcomes
This article discusses the classification, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostic methods, and treatment approaches of atrial fibrillation
Ischemic stroke is an acute neurological syndrome caused by the sudden interruption of cerebral blood flow due to thrombus formation or atherosclerotic occlusion of intracranial vessels. This article reviews the pathogenesis, key clinical manifestations, diagnostic modalities, and stepwise treatment protocols for ischemic stroke. Timely recognition and appropriate management significantly reduce mortality and long‐ term disability.
Diseases of the adrenal gland and their heredity
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the causes of pancreatic diseases, their forming factors, especially the role of hereditary factors. The genetic basis of diseases such as pancreatitis, diabetes mellitus types I and II, as well as pancreatic tumors, their mechanisms of inheritance and molecular biological processes are covered on the basis of scientific sources. The article considers the relationship of functional disorders in the pancreas with genetic mutations, autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive forms of inheritance, as well as the interaction between environmental factors and hereditary predisposition in the development of multifactorial diseases. Recommendations are given on early diagnosis of hereditary diseases, screening programs, preventive measures and their clinical significance.
Nutritional Principles And Dietary Management In Patients With Liver Disease
Liver diseases are characterized by complex metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory alterations that profoundly affect nutritional status, body composition, and clinical outcomes. Malnutrition and sarcopenia are highly prevalent in chronic liver disease and independently predict morbidity, mortality, and reduced quality of life. This review synthesizes contemporary evidence on nutritional disturbances and dietary interventions in liver disease. A structured narrative analysis of international and regional literature examined energy and protein metabolism, micronutrient deficiencies, muscle wasting, and disease-specific dietary strategies. The findings indicate that adequate energy and protein intake, appropriate meal timing, and individualized nutritional support reduce catabolism, preserve muscle mass, and improve functional status. Targeted correction of vitamin D and zinc deficiency may further support metabolic and immune function
Prevention Of Growth And Development Retardation In Infants Born With Intrauterine Growth Restriction During The First Year Of Life
This article examines the strategies and methods for preventing growth and development retardation in infants born with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) during their first year of life. IUGR is a significant perinatal complication that affects a child’s physical and cognitive development, potentially leading to long-term health consequences. The research highlights the importance of early identification, monitoring, and intervention to mitigate the negative effects of restricted intrauterine growth.