##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##
Abstract
Prolactin is a key regulator of milk production, mammary gland development, and milk protein gene expression . This study has been conducted in a laboratory Molecular Genetics of the College of Agriculture / University of Basrah. It aims at measuring the genetic polymorphism of milk production and its components, in Holstein Friesian cows. 59 Holstein Friesian cows from Taj Al-Nahrain station in AlDiwaniyah have been characterized for milk production and quality characteristics. Genomic DNA has been extracted from the blood and PCR has been used to amplify the PRL gene, then the amplification product has been purified and the samples have been analyzed by the Korean company Macrogene for DNA sequencing analysis. 50ml samples of morning milk have been collected on weekly basis and analysed for quality using the Milk analyzers Julie Z7 after collecting samples during the milking process. SPSS Statistical software has been used for association analysis. Gene shows the presence of a three genetic polymorphism in the breed of Holstein Friesian cows. The results show a significant the effect (p≤0.05) of the stage of milk production on each of the daily, and total milk production rate, while no differences have been shown of haplotypes on the rate of milk production. There have been no significant differences in the production stage in the proportions of fat, protein and milk sugar, while there has been a significant difference for the production stage on the total solids. In addition, no significant differences have been between shown of the haplotypes of the chemical composition of milk, except for the total solids
Keywords
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
- Referances
- A. V. Capuco, D. L. Wood, R. Baldwin, K. Mcleod & Paape., M. J. (2001). Mammary Cell Number, Proliferation, and Apoptosis During a Bovine Lactation: Relation to Milk Production and The effect of of bST1. J. Dairy Sci. 84: 2177–2187.
- Al-Muhja, R. (2014). study of some environmental factors affecting milk contents of amino acids, fatty acids and some elements and compounds for Holstein. Friesian cows. University of Baghdad , College of Agriculture ,Animal Resources . Thesis
- .Al-Muhja, R. K. (2018). The effect of of Sex of Birth and Stage of Lactation on Milk Production and Its Components in the Holstein-FriesianCows. Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Agriculture Sciences 8(2): 88-91
- Alfonso, E., Rojas, R., Herrera, J. G., Ortega, M. E., Lemus, C., Cortez, C., Ruiz, J., Pinto, R. & Gómez, H. (2012). Polymorphism of the prolactin gene (PRL) and its relationship with milk production in American Swiss cattle. African Journal of Biotechnology 11(29).
- Bayıl Oğuzkan, S. & Bozkurt, A. S. (2019). A Study on the The effect of of Prolactin Gene Variants on Milk Production Traits of Holstein Cattle. Russian Journal of Genetics 55(4): 480-486.
- Brym, P., Kamiński, S. & Wójcik, E. (2005). Nucleotide sequence polymorphism within exon 4 of the bovine prolactin gene and its associations with milk performance traits. Journal of Applied Genetics 46(2): 179-185
- Dybus, A. (2002). Associations of growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) genes polymorphisms with milk production traits in Polish Black-and-White cattle. Anim Sci Pap Rep 20(4): 203-212.
- Gajbhiye, P. U., Ahlawat, A. R., Sharma, H. A. & Parikh, S. S. (2019). The effect of of Stage, Season and Parity of Lactation on Milk Composition in Gir Cattle. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 8(03): 2419-2425.
- Horseman, N. D., Zhao, W., Montecino-Rodriguez, E., Tanaka, M., Nakashima, K., Engle, S. J., Smith, F., Markoff, E. & Dorshkind, K. (1997). Defective mammopoiesis, but normal hematopoiesis, in mice with a targeted disruption of the prolactin gene. The EMBO journal 16(23): 6926-6935.
- Orbach, H. & Shoenfeld, Y. (2007). Hyperprolactinemia and autoimmune diseases. Autoimmunity reviews 6(8): 537-542.
- R.B. Kayastha, G. Zaman & Goswami, R. N. (2008). Factors affecting the milk constituents of native cattle of Assam. Indian J. Anim. 42(4).
- .Ruksana M Shah, NA Ganai, FD Sheikh, S Shanaz, HM Khan, Safeer Alam, Nusrat N Khan, Tavsief Sheikh, Saba Bukhari, Hamadani, A. & Rather, M. A. (2021). Exon IV prolactin (PRL) gene polymorphism and its association with milk production traits in dairy cattle of Kashmir, India. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 9(2): 521-524.
- SAS. 2012. SAS / STAT Users Guide for personal computers. Release 9.1. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC., USA. ( SAS = Statistical Analysis System)
- Yayied, A. & Fzaqeer, B. (2018). Polymorphism of Coi Gene and Its Association with Milk Production and Lamb?S Growth before Weaning of Iraqi Aissi Sheep. International Journal of Advanced Research 6(12)