##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.sidebar##

Download
pdf
Statistic
Read Counter : 320 Download : 565

##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##

Abstract

The current study describes a simple and efficient method for recovering silver from waste x-ray film by employing sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide. The principal sources of silver for silver recovery in this article are X-ray film effluent and radiographic waste. Environmental concerns are driving increased attempts to recover, regenerate, and recycle radioactive waste. Though not as hazardous as other soluble salts, soluble salt and emissions from the recovery process are severely damaging to the environment. Highpurity products can be generated with low waste thanks to hydrometallurgical procedures such as chemical precipitation and adsorption. Silver recovery using oxalic acid chemical precipitation has been offered as a study topic.

Keywords

Hydrometallurgy X-Ray film Radiographic waste

##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

How to Cite
Shaker Salih Bahar, Sata Kathum Ajjam, Ahmed Al-Salman, Haneen Zuhair Naji, & Hayfaa A.Mubarak. (2023). Silver Recovery Method from Radiographic and X- Ray Film Waste- A Review. Texas Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 23, 10–18. Retrieved from https://zienjournals.com/index.php/tjm/article/view/4294

References

  1. P.B. Norton, (1994) The New Encyclopaedia Britanica Vol. 10, Encyclopaedia Britanica, Chicago, IL, pp. 447–449.
  2. http://www.kitco.com
  3. N. Nakiboglu, D. Toscali and G. Nisli, “A Novel Silver Recovery Method from Waste Photographic Films with NaOH Stripping Turk”, J Chem., 2003, vol. 27, pp. 127-133.
  4. V.I.E. Ajiwe and I.E. Anyadiegwu, “Recovery of Silver from Industrial Wastes”, Cassava Solution Effects Separation and Purification Technology, 2000, vol. 18, pp. 89–92.
  5. P. Khunprasert, N. Grisdanurak, J. Thaveesri , V. Danutra and W. Puttitavorn, “Radiographic Film Waste Management in Thailand and Cleaner Technology for Silver Leaching”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 2008, vol. 16, pp. 28-36.
  6. H.L. Govani, American Patent 3,660,079, 1971.
  7. E. Wainer, American Patent 3,647,422, 1972.
  8. P.A. Phillips, American Patent 4,150,977, 1979.
  9. N. Fujiwara and K. Yamamoto, “Decomposition of Gelatin Layers on X-ray Film by the Alkaline Protease from Bacillus sp. B21”, J. Ferment. Technol., 1987, vol. 65, pp. 531-534.
  10. N. Fujiwara and K. Yamamoto and A. Masui, “Utilization of Thermostable Alkaline Protease from an Alkalophilic Thermophile for the Recovery of Silver from Used X-ray Film”, J. Ferment. Bioeng., 1991, vol. 72, pp. 306-308.
  11. R. Moreno Garcia, Hydrometallurgy, 1986, vol. 16, pp. 395-400.
  12. P.J. Mueller, J.H. Ozegowski, W. Koehler, W. Hess, H. Kochanowski, S.D. Herbert, G. Mueller, D. Schorning, W. Roessler and F. Kehlert, German Patent, DD 284143 1990.
  13. S. Syed, S. Suresha, L.M. Sharma and A.A. Syed, “Clean Technology for the Recovery of Silver from Processed Radiographic Films”, Hydrometallurgy, 2002, vol. 63, pp. 277-280
  14. S. Syed, S. Suresha, L. M. Sharma, and A. A. Syed, "Clean technology for the recovery of silver from processed radiographic films," Hydrometallurgy, vol. 63, pp. 277-280, 3// 2002.
  15. K. Z. Elwakeel, G. O. El-Sayed, and R. S. Darweesh, "Fast and selective removal of silver(I) from aqueous media by modified chitosan resins," International Journal of Mineral Processing, vol. 120, pp. 26-34, 4/10/ 2013.
  16. B. Tang, G. Yu, J. Fang, and T. Shi, "Recovery of high-purity silver directly from dilute effluents by an emulsion liquid membrane-crystallization process," Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 177, pp. 377-383, 5/15/ 2010.
  17. H. Zhouxiang, W. Jianying, Z. Ma, and H. Jifan, "A method to recover silver from waste X-ray films with spent fixing bath," Hydrometallurgy, vol. 92, pp. 148-151, 6// 2008.
  18. A. D. Bas, E. Y. Yazici, and H. Deveci, "Recovery of silver from X-ray film processing effluents by hydrogen peroxide treatment," Hydrometallurgy, vol. 121–124, pp. 22-27, 6// 2012.
  19. T. M. Petrova, B. Tzaneva, L. Fachikov, and J. Hristov, "Silver recovery from spent photographic solutions by a magnetically assisted particle bed," Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, vol. 71, pp. 83-96, 9// 2013.
  20. P. Khunprasert, N. Grisdanurak, J. Thaveesri, V. Danutra, and W. Puttitavorn, "Radiographic film waste management in Thailand and cleaner technology for silver leaching," Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 16, pp. 28-36, 1// 2008.
  21. E. A. Abdel-Aal and F. E. Farghaly, "Preparation of silver powders in micron size from used photographic films via leaching–cementation technique," Powder Technology, vol. 178, pp. 51-55, 9/5/ 2007.
  22. N. Das, "Recovery of precious metals through biosorption — A review," Hydrometallurgy, vol. 103, pp. 180-189, 6// 2010.
  23. M. Fomina and G. M. Gadd, "Biosorption: current perspectives on concept, definition and application," Bioresource Technology, vol. 160, pp. 3-14, 5// 2014.
  24. C. Mack, B. Wilhelmi, J. R. Duncan, and J. E. Burgess, "Biosorption of precious metals," Biotechnology Advances, vol. 25, pp. 264-271, 5// 2007.
  25. F. Veglio and F. Beolchini, "Removal of metals by biosorption: a review," Hydrometallurgy, vol. 44, pp. 301-316, 3// 1997.
  26. S. W. Won, P. Kotte, W. Wei, A. Lim, and Y.-S. Yun, "Biosorbents for recovery of precious metals," Bioresource Technology, vol. 160, pp. 203-212, 5// 2014.
  27. J. Cui and L. Zhang, "Metallurgical recovery of metals from electronic waste: A review," Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 158, pp. 228-256, 10/30/ 2008.
  28. Kodak, "The fate and effects of silver in the environment," Kodak, USA J-216(ENG), 2003.
  29. ERKU, Mekurialem Demelash; ANURADHA, Jabasingh S.; YIMAM, Abubeker. Silver recovery from waste x-ray photographic films collected from hospitals in Addis Ababa. Zede Journal, 2017, 35: 1-7.
  30. Nuri NAK_IBO_GLU “A Novel Silver Recovery Method from Waste Photographic Films with NaOH Stripping” Bal_kesir University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Chemistry Department, Bal kesir-TURKEY.
  31. Kodak., (1999) "Recovering silver from photographic processing solutions", Publication no. J-215 Eastman Kodak Company
  32. Goshima, T., Hori, K., Yamamoto, A, (1994) "Recovery of silver from radiographic fixer", Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology,77(6), 684-688.
  33. Rawat, J.P., and Iqbal, S., Kamoonpuri, M, (1986)"Recovery of silver from laboratory wastes", Journal of Chemical Education, 63 (6), 537.
  34. R.H.Petrucci and W.S.Harwood, General Chemistry, Principles and Modern Applications, 1993, 6th edition, Prentice Hall.
  35. P. L. Drake and K. J. Hazelwood, (2005) "Exposure-related health effects of silver and silver compounds: A review," The Annals of Occupational Hygiene, vol.49, pp. 575-585.
  36. P. L. Drake and K. J. Hazelwood, "Exposure-related health effects of silver and silver compounds: A review," The Annals of Occupational Hygiene, vol. 49, pp. 575-585, 17 Jun 2005.
  37. OSHA, "Occupational health guidelines for silver metal & soluble silver compounds," United State Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington DCSep 1978.
  38. P. D. Howe and S. Dobson, "Silver recovery compounds: Environmental aspects," World Health Organization, Geneva2002.
  39. H. Ratte, "Bioaccumulation and toxicity of silver compounds: A review," Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, vol. 18, pp. 89-108, 1999.
  40. M. Hirsch, "Availability of sludge-borne silver to agricultural crops," Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,, vol. 17, pp. 610-616, 1998.
  41. M. Hirsch, M. Ritter, K. Roser, P. Garrisi, and S. Forsythe, "The effect of silver on plants grown in sludge-amended soils," in Transport, fate, and effects of silver in the environment; Proceedings of the 1st international conference, Madison, WI, University of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute, 1993, pp. 69-73.
  42. MASEBINU, Samson O.; MUZENDA, Edison. Review of silver recovery techniques from radiographic effluent and x-ray film waste. In: Proceedings of the world Congress on Engineering and Computer Science. 2014. p. 22-24.
  43. Encyclopedia of Science and Technology (1976) Vol. 5, Van Nostrand, New York, pp. 595–596.
  44. A. D. Bas, E. Y. Yazici, and H. Deveci, (2012) "Recovery of silver from X-ray film processing effluents by hydrogen peroxide treatment," Hydrometallurgy, vol. 121–124, pp.
  45. V. I. E. Ajiwe and I. E. Anyadiegwu, "Recovery of silver from industrial wastes, cassava solution effects," Separation and Purification Technology, vol. 18, pp. 89-92, 3/6/ 2000.
  46. N. Sathaiyan, P. Adaikkalam, J. A. M. A. Kader, and S. Visvanathan, (2001)"Silver Recovery from Photographic Process Wastes," in Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology (Second Edition), K. H. J. Buschow, R. W. Cahn, M. C. Flemings, B. Ilschner, E. J. Kramer, S. Mahajan, et al., Eds., ed Oxford: Elsevier, pp. 8621-8623.
  47. WEEDON, KAYE (1945): Report on Silver Recovery and Regeneration of Fixing Bath, Oslo (private communication).
  48. T. M. Petrova, B. Tzaneva, L. Fachikov, and J. Hristov, (2013)"Silver recovery from spent photographic solutions by a magnetically assisted particle bed," Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, vol. 71, pp. 83-96.
  49. B. Tang, G. Yu, J. Fang, and T. Shi, (2010) "Recovery of high-purity silver directly from dilute effluents by an emulsion liquid membrane-crystallization process," Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 177, pp. 377-383, 5/15/
  50. Zhouxiang, Han, et al. (2008) "A method to recover silver from waste X-ray films with spent fixing bath."Hydrometallurgy 92.3 (2008): 148-151.

Most read articles by the same author(s)