##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##
Abstract
Flooding occurs due to increase in global temperatures high rate of precipitation and increase rate of runoff and increase rate of urban flooding. The aim of study is to determine the flood risk assessment of selected urban catchment in Uyo metropolis, Nigeria. The study adopted correlational research design where secondary data was generated from Landsat Imageries of the study area. The digital elevation model of the area was used to determine the water shed pattern, landuse/landcover and inundation level using supervised classification of landuse in the area. The study also adopted Geographic Information System (GIS) aided computer simulation of the storm water been generated through enhanced DEM to determine storm water level and inundation based on landuse/landcover change. Data generated was analysed using hydrological models and techniques which includes storm water generation assessment, inundation modeling, assessment of land cover and level of inundation and evaluation of flash flood vulnerability using modeled inundation. Findings showed that Uyo has a number of streams of different flow lengths which was lower. The study also revealed that Uyo has 21 sub basins. The total runoff in uyo was higher (0.74) inches Also the rate of change of in catchment behaviour like the catchment precipitation, node flooding and runoff in Uyo continued to increase with time of the day, and the rate of change of volume of runoff varied slightly. The width of hydrograph was not wider as the areas prone to moderate and high flood in Uyo metropolis was higher (78.03%). Based on these findings, the study recommends that better planning of the cities is required to regulate the effect of flooding in the study area. The area liable to moderate and high flood vulnerability should be well monitored and guarded to minimize the destruction of lives and properties.
Keywords
Catchment
Flood
Urban
Vulnerability
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
NSIEGBE, Dickson Kinikawo, WELI, Vincent E, CHUKWU-OKEAH, Gift O, ELUDOYIN, Olatunde S, ABALI, Temple Probyne, INKO-TARIAH, Ibiso Michael, & NKII, Lucky Baripara. (2021). Assessment of Flood Vulnerability in Selected Urban Catchment (A Case Study of Uyo Metropolis, Nigeria). Texas Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 2, 44–59. Retrieved from https://zienjournals.com/index.php/tjm/article/view/178
References
- Abam, T, K.S.; Ofoegbu, C.C. and Gobo, A.E. (2000). Impact of Hydrology in Port Harcourt. Patani Warri Geoscience and Environmental Geology; 40(2), 153 – 162.
- Abam, T.K.S, and Gobo A.E. (2014). Post Impact Assessment (PIA) of the 2012 flooding in Some Communities in Rivers State, Nigeria: Proceedings of the 2 International Conference on Flood and Erosion Prevention, Protection and Mitigation, November 2014.
- Agumagu, U.D. (2014) Socio-economic impact of 2012 flood in the lower Niger Delta communities of Rivers State and Bayelsa. PhD. Proposal in department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Port Harcourt.
- Ahmadisharaf; E; Kalyanapu, A.J. and Chung, E.S. (2017). Sustainability – Based flood hazard mapping of the Swannanoa Rivershed. Journal of Environmental sustainability: 9(2), 1735 – 1746
- Amangabara, G.T and Obenade, M. (2015). Flood Vulnerability Assessment of Niger Delta State Relative to 2012 Flood Disaster in Nigeria. American Journal of Environmental Protection: 3 (3), 70- 83.
- Ameesha, S.B.; Shashi, M. and Pratap, D. (2017). A geo-spatial Approach to Flash Flood Hazard Mapping in the City of Warangal, Telangana, India, Sciendo Environmental Journal: 3(13), 1-13.
- Amro, E; Mohamed, A; Ahmed K., Moustafa K., Nassir A., Anis C. and Kashif N. (2019). Flash Flood Risk Assessment in Urban Arid Environment: Case Study of Taibah and Islamic Universities’ Campuses, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Journal of Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk:10(1),780-796.
- Barasa, B.N. and Pradeep, E.D.P. (2018). Analysis of land use change impacts on flash flood occurrences in the Sosiani River Basin, Kenya. International Journal of River Basin: 16(2), 61-82.
- Belemina, G. (2009). Disaster Risk: Addressing the Challenge of Natural and Human-Induced Environmental Hazards. Paris, France Press.
- Beven, J.K. (2001). Rainfall – Run-off Modeling. England: Willey Publisher.
- Bhatt, C.M; Rao, G.S; Manjushree, P; and Bhanumurthy, V. (2010). Space Based Disaster Management of 2008 Kosi Flood, North Bihar, India. Journal of Indian Soc. Rem. Seus: 38(1), 79-108.
- Birkmann, J. (2006). Measuring Vulnerability to Promote Disaster-Resilient Societies: Conceptual Frameworks and Definitions. Measuring Vulnerability to Natural Hazards: Towards Disaster Resilient Societies. Tokyo, United Nations University Press: 9-54.
- Bitew, G.T; Mulugata, A.B. and Miegel, K. (2019). Application of HEC – HMS Model for Flow simulation in the bike Tana Basin; The case of Gilgel Abay Catchment, Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia. Journal of Hydrology: 2(21), 2-17.
- Brown, I. and Tari, E. (2017). Towards an effective storm water management in Yenegoa City, Bayelsa State. Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research: 4(1), 177-188.
- Dawod, G.M; Mirza, M.N; and Al-Ghamdi, K.A. (2011). GIS-Based Spatial Mapping of Flood Hazard in Makkali City Saudi Arabia. Journal of Geographic Information System: 11(3), 225-231.
- Debarry, P.A. (2004). Watershed: Processes, Assessment and Management. New York. John Willey and Sons.
- Ede P.N. and Utchay O. (2014).Urban Flood Management Scenarios in Port Harcourt : Proceeding of the 2nd International Conference on Flood and Erosion Prevention, Protection and Mitigation, Nov 2014. (www.ust.edu.ng)
- El-Basfaxodesy, M; White, K; and Nasr, A. (2009). Integration of Remote Sensing and GIS for Modeling Flash Flood in Wadi Hudien Catchment, Egypt. Journal of Hydrological Processes: 23(9), 1359 - 1368.
- Eyinla, P. and Ukpo, J. (2006). Nigeria: The Travesty of Oil and Gas Wealth Lagos: The Catholic Secretariat of Nigeria.
- Eze, B.E. and Abua, M.A. (2002). Environmental Hydrology. Calabar. Ushie Printers and Publisher Company Limited.
- Fateye, O.C.A. and Olaschinde, O. B.A. (2016). Mapping Vulnerability of Flash Flood in Ado Ekiti. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences: 21(2), 65-72.
- Forkuo, E.K. (2011). Flood Hazard Mapping Using Aster Image Data with GIS. International Journal of Geometrics and Geosciences: 1(4), 326 – 334.
- Fubara, M.J.(2014): River Hydrodynamics and Sea Level Monitoring For Flood Impact Control In The Niger Delta, Proceedings of the 2 International Conference on Flood and Erosion Prevention, Protection and Mitigation, November 2014. [www.ust.edu.ng]
- Ghoneina, E.M; Arnell, N.W. and Foody, G.M. (2002). Characterizing the Flash Flood Hazards Potential along the red sea Coast of Egypt. The Exthemes of the Extremes: Extraordinary Floods (Proceedings of a Symposium held at Reykjarik, Icedand).
- Graf, A. (2014). Spatio-Temporal Relations between water bridge components and soil water content in a forested tributary catchment resource research: 50(6), 60-72.
- Hapuarachichi, HAP; Wang, Q.J. and Pagano, T.C. (2011). A Review of Advances in Flash Flood Forecasting: Hydrol. Process: 25(3), 2771-2784: Retrieved 28/10/2019 from http://Dx:Doi.org/10:1002/hyp.8040.
- Hayder, A.A. & Husam, A.A. (2013). Maximum Likelihood for land use / land cover mapping and change detection using Landsat satellite images: A case study “South of Johor. International Journal of Computational Engineering Research, 3(6), 26-33.
- IMGW, (2013). Institute of Meteorological and Water Management, Report on Plan and Policy Statement.
- Ismail, E. (2015). Flash Flood Hazard Mapping Using Satellite Images and GIS Tools: A Case Study of Najran City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences: 18(3), 261-278.
- Leonard, I.U. and Dorathy, I.U. (2013). Gender, Floods and Mental Health. The Way Forward. An International Journal of African Social Sciences: 3(4), 1030 – 1042.
- Lian, J; Yang, W; Xu, K. & Ma, C. (2017). Flash flood vulnerability assessment for small catchments with a material flood approach. Natural Hazard: 88(2), 699-719
- Liang, W. Yongli, C; Hongquan, C; Daler, D; Jingmin, Z. and Juan, Y. (2011). Flood Disaster in Talibu basin, China: Causal Chain and Policy Option Analysis Environment and Earth Science: 63(5), 1119 – 1124.
- Marzieli, S.H; Fateme, Z; Ali, B. and Ali, M. (2014). Flood assessment in the context of sustainable development using the APSIR Framework. International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy: 2(2); 41-49.
- Mastin, M. (2009). Watershed Models for Decision Support for Inflows to Potholes. Washington D.C. M.C Grawhill.
- Mohammed, A.J; Abbas, B; and Abel, A.A. (2016). Spatial Distribution Pattern and Terrain Analysis of urban flash flood and inundation Areas in Maiduguri Metropolis, Borno State, North East, Nigeria.
- Mohammed, A; Amro, E; Ahmed, K; Monstafa, K; Nassir, A; Anis, C. and Kaslrit, N. (2019). Flash Flood Risk Assessment in Urban Arid Environment: Case Study of Tarbah and Islamic Universities Campuses, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Journal of Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk: 10(1), 780-796. Retrieved on 05/11/2019 from http://doi.org/10./080/1947505:2018.1545705.
- Muneerudeen, A. (2017). Urban Landscape Design Strategies for Flood Resilience in Chennai City: Qatar University: Doha Patar.
- National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) (2012) Report on Flood Disaster.
- NPC, (2006). National Population Commission Report for 2006 Census Exeecial.
- NPC, (2019). National Population Commission Annual Projection 2019 for cities and staets in Nigeria.
- Odeyemi, C.A. & Olabode, B.A.D. (2016). Mapping Vulnerability to Flash Flood in Ado-Ekiti. JOSR Journals of Humanities and Social Sciences: 21(2)65-72
- Olabode, B.J. (2014). Impact of River Niger Flooding on the Inhabitants of Lokoja and its Environs: International Conference on Flood and Erosion Prevention, Protection and Mitigation. November, 2014.
- Ologunorisa, T.E. and Abawua, M.J. (2005) . Flood Risk Assessment: A Review Department of Geography, Benue State University, Makurdi. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management and Mitigation Options for Nigeria: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Flood and Erosion Prevention, Protection and Mitigation, November, 2014.
- Olowu, D. (2010). The Hyogo Framework for Action and its implications for Disaster Management and Education in Africa. JAMBA: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies, 3(1):303-320
- Oyebande, L.(2014).Integrated Flood Management and Mitigation options for Nigeria: Proceedings of the 2nc International Conference on Flood and Erosion Prevention, Protection and Mitigation, November 2014.
- Oyegun, C.U. (1994). Geology and Sedimentary Environment in Oyegun and Adeyemo (e.d) Port Harcourt Region. University of Port Harcourt Publication series No. 1.
- Oyegun, C.U. (2003). Essentials of Social and Environmental Research, Port Harcourt: University of Port Harcourt.
- Pagano, T. and Sorooshian, S. (2002). Hydrologic Cycle. Encyclopedia of Global Environment Change.
- Subramanya, K. (2008). Engineering Hydrology, New York, McGraw Hill Press.
- Sunmin, L; Saro, L; Moung-Jin, L. and Hyund-Sup, L. (2018). Spatial Assessment of Urban Flood Susceptibility Using Data Mining and Geographic Information System (GIS) Tools. Sustainability Journal, 10(3), 648-655.
- Uchenna, E.O. (2013) Perception of flood Disaster risk reduction and Adaptation Strategies in Port Harcourt Metropolis. M.Sc thesis, department of Geography and Environmental Management University of Port Harcourt.
- Umeuduji .J.E (2010) Drainage Basin Dynamics, Ehai Books, Published in Nigeria, University of Port Harcourt
- UN, (2009). United Nations World Water Development Report 3. Water in a changing world. The United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
- Weli, V.E (2004) Urban Flood Prediction in the Niger Delta. A case study of Port Harcourt metropolis, M.sc Thesis Submitted to the department of geography and environmental management, university of Port Harcourt
- Woubet, G.A. and Belachew, D.L. (2011). Flood Hazard and Risk Assessment Using GIS and Remote Sensing in Fogera Woreda, Northwest Ethiopia. Department of Natural Resources Management, Blaire Dar University Blaire Dari, Ethiopia.
- Youssef, A.M; Pradhan, B; and Sefry, S.A. (2016). Flash flood susceptibility Assessment in Jeddah City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, using Bivariate and Multivariate Statistical Models. Journal of Environmental Earth Science: 75(12), 161 – 182.