Texas Journal of Engineering and Technology

Improvement of a Device for Softening Drinking Water by Electromagnetic Method

2025-05-08T07:18:55+00:00

This research focuses on the improvement of a device for softening drinking water using an electromagnetic method. The existing methods of water softening, such as ion exchange and reverse osmosis, are often expensive and energy-intensive. Electromagnetic water softening presents a promising alternative, as it is a non-chemical, environmentally friendly approach. The study investigates the effectiveness of different electromagnetic field parameters, including frequency, intensity, and exposure time, on the reduction of hardness ions in water. A prototype device is designed and tested using various water samples with different levels of hardness. The results are analyzed to determine the optimal electromagnetic field parameters for achieving significant water softening. The research also explores the potential mechanisms of electromagnetic water softening, including the disruption of calcium and magnesium ion bonds, the formation of stable micro-crystals, and the reduction of scaling potential. The findings of this study contribute to the development of a more efficient and sustainable water softening technology

The Advantages Of Nuclear Energy Over Other Energy Sources

2025-05-16T07:50:48+00:00

This article provides information on the advantages of nuclear energy over other energy sources and its economic efficiency. It discusses the energy released during the fission of uranium and thorium isotopes in nuclear reactors, the formation of these isotopes, the operating principles of nuclear reactors, the use of uranium and plutonium as fuel, the processes of producing these isotopes, and the difference and superiority of the energy released from the fission of uranium-235 nuclei compared to energy obtained via chemical means. Furthermore, the equivalence of energy released in nuclear reactions and in thermonuclear fusion reactions is also addressed. Some research on the safety issues of nuclear energy is included. In addition, the prospects for nuclear energy in Uzbekistan are discussed, along with relevant safety issues.

A Comprehensive Analysis Of Mppt Techniques For Photovoltaic Systems Under Partial Shading Conditions

2025-05-16T07:54:00+00:00

Maximizing power extraction from photovoltaic (PV) systems is crucial for improving efficiency, particularly under partial shading conditions (PSCs). The high cost and relatively low conversion efficiency of PV panels necessitate effective maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques to ensure operation at the maximum power point (MPP). This paper presents a comprehensive review of 11 MPPT methods reported in the literature, alongside recent advancements in hardware design methodologies. The MPPT techniques are classified into three categories—Classical, Intelligent, and Optimization-based—according to their underlying tracking algorithms. Under uniform irradiance, classical methods are generally preferred due to the presence of a single peak in the power–voltage (P–V) curve. However, under PSCs, the P–V curve exhibits multiple peaks, including one global MPP (GMPP) and several local MPPs (LMPPs). As a result, intelligent and optimization-based techniques have emerged to accurately identify the GMPP among all local peaks. Each MPPT technique is critically analyzed in terms of sensor requirements, hardware implementation complexity, performance under PSCs, cost, tracking speed, and tracking efficiency. This study consolidates recent advancements and highlights potential research directions to support further development in the field.

Justification of the design parameters of the combined device

2025-05-16T07:56:39+00:00

This article analyzes the theoretical and practical aspects of the process of drying food products, in particular medicinal plants. Since drying is a complex technological process based on heat and mass transfer, a combination of infrared radiation and convective airflow is proposed to increase its energy efficiency. The article substantiates the design of the drying unit, optimal operating parameters, and mathematical models. Recommended thermal regimes for drying quality and preservation of bioactive substances in the product are also described

Research Of The Temperature Regime Of The Heliopyrolysis Process

2025-05-24T06:52:50+00:00

The article analyzes the temperature regime in the reactor of the pyrolysis device and the saving of thermal energy consumed for the specific needs of the device, as well as the thermal technical indicators of the device. The article also proposes a heliopyrolysis system with a solar concentrator to provide heat to the pyrolysis reactor. As a result of the use of a solar concentrator in this type of pyrolysis device, it is possible to obtain a temperature of 400-700 ℃. As a result, it allows reducing the specific energy consumption for the pyrolysis process by up to 30%. The objectives of this computational and theoretical research on the heliopyrolysis process are mainly aimed at an approximate assessment of their thermal efficiency, taking into account the degree of optimization of thermal technical parameters